Arsenic in Water Linked to Birth Defects and Infant Death
NonToxCo Research
Science & Safety Team · 4/7/2026
Arsenic in drinking water is linked to preterm birth, low birth weight, congenital heart defects, and infant death. A massive meta-analysis just put numbers on the risk.
The Numbers
A 2026 meta-analysis in Environ Res pulled together studies from five databases on arsenic exposure and pregnancy outcomes. The findings were consistent across studies.
Arsenic exposure was linked to 50% higher infant mortality (OR 1.50). Congenital heart defects rose by 92% (OR 1.92). Birth weight dropped by an average of 12.67 grams per unit increase in exposure. Preterm birth risk also increased.
There's a Threshold, and It's Low
Using benchmark dose analysis, researchers identified the most sensitive outcome: neonatal mortality. The lowest safe limit for arsenic in drinking water was 27.73 µg/L. The WHO guideline is 10 µg/L, but many water systems worldwide exceed both numbers.
Where Arsenic Comes From
Arsenic occurs naturally in groundwater in many regions. It's also in rice (rice absorbs arsenic from soil), apple juice, and some well water. Millions of people worldwide drink water with arsenic levels above safety limits without knowing it.
How to Protect Your Baby
Test your water for arsenic, especially if you use a private well. Filter with a system rated for arsenic removal (reverse osmosis works). Rinse rice thoroughly before cooking and use excess water. Vary grain sources. Check out non-toxic baby products for a safer start.
Also see glass food storage for safer alternatives.