A Common Flame Retardant Causes Miscarriage Through DNA Damage
NonToxCo Research
Science & Safety Team · 4/7/2026
The flame retardant TDCIPP accumulates in human uterine tissue and was positively associated with spontaneous pregnancy loss. Researchers just figured out exactly how it kills pregnancies.
Found in Human Decidua
A 2026 study in J Hazard Mater detected TDCIPP (tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate) in human decidual tissue, the specialized uterine lining that supports early pregnancy. Higher levels were linked to miscarriage.
In pregnant mice, TDCIPP exposure caused increased embryonic resorption (the mouse equivalent of miscarriage) and turned decidual macrophages pro-inflammatory.
The Damage Pathway
TDCIPP suppressed GPX4 (a key antioxidant enzyme) and reduced glutathione levels in macrophages. This triggered ferroptosis (iron-driven cell death), which caused DNA damage. The damaged DNA activated the cGAS/STING pathway, driving interferon production, cellular aging, and runaway inflammation.
When researchers supplemented with glutathione (GSH), the damage reversed: ferroptosis stopped, DNA damage decreased, and inflammation calmed down.
Where TDCIPP Hides
TDCIPP is a chlorinated organophosphate flame retardant used in furniture foam, baby products, car seats, electronics, and textiles. It off-gases into indoor air and settles in household dust. You inhale it, ingest it, and absorb it through skin contact every day.
How to Protect Yourself
Ventilate your home. Vacuum with a HEPA filter. Wash hands frequently, especially before eating. Choose furniture without flame retardant foam. Browse non-toxic baby products that skip harmful flame retardants.
Also see glass food storage for safer alternatives.